An effort to Understand the difference in ‘Gata-vata' & 'Aavritta-vat' based on Charaka-samhita Vatavyadhi Chikitsa-chapter.

 

An effort to Understand the difference in ‘Gata-vata' & 'Aavritta-vat' based on Charaka-samhita Vatavyadhi Chikitsa-chapter.

No.	Vibheda-Bindu (Differencial Point)	Gata-vata	Aavritta-vata
i.	Vyadhitva	It has been mentioned under the heading of Vata-vyadhi. It is specific type of pathology caused by Vata-dosha, hence no independent entitled as disease or Vyadhi. It does considered as Vatavyadhi.	It has been mentioned under the heading of Vataa-vyadhi. It is specific type of pathology caused by Vata-dosha associated with Kapha & Pitta etc, hence no independent entitled as disease or Vyadhi. It does considered as Vatavyadhi.
ii.	NidanPanchak	As per  Vata-vyadhi.	As per  Vata-vyadhi.
iii.	Nidan	Usually as per Vata-vyadhi and mainly ‘Dhatukshayatmak’.	Chiefly as per ‘Aavarak’ and associated Vata-prakopa Nidanas.
iv.	A. Anya Dosha-chintan (Consideration of Other Dosha)	Usually no or very less consideration of Kapha & Pitta.	Being ‘Aavarak’ & ‘Aavritta’ phenomenon in pathology, Aavarak is  usually other than Vata-dosha, like Pitta & Kapha or dooshyas & usually these are exaggerated/vitiated leading to obstruction in channels for the movement of the Vata-dosha.
	B. Vata-prakopa	Independent due to Dhatu-kshaya. (Swatantra)	Not Independent due to ‘Margavarodha’ by vitiated Kapha/pitta or other Dooshyas. (Paratantra)
	C. Dooshya	Usually Dooshya gets kshaya (decrease qualitatively as well as quantitatively) condition hence leading to reactive Vata-prakopa as per principle देहे स्रोतांसि रिक्तानि पूरयित्वाऽनिलो बली ॥१८॥ It may be in Koshtha, Shakha or Marmasthisandhi or Indriya; all together. It must me noted that Dooshyas are not so  much exaggerated/ vitiated here that could obstruct the path of Vata-dosha.	Kapha/Pitta or Dooshyas are  so  much exaggerated/ vitiated here that they do obstruct the path of Vata-dosha. Above vitiation is also due to associated Vata-prakopa. Vitiated Vatadosha first vitiates Kapha/Pitta or Dooshyas & then after Vatadosha itself gets obstructed by vitiated  Dosha/Dooshyas etc. as per the principle... कुपितस्तौ समुद्धूय तत्र तत्र क्षिपन् गदान् ॥६०॥ करोत्यावृतमार्गत्वाद्रसादींश्चोपशोषयेत् ।
	D. Clinical Presentation	Usually Signs & Symptoms are as per the site or Kshaya of specific Dooshya Viz. Koshthashrita Vata Sarvangashrita Vata Aamashayagat Vata etc. (Here vitiated vatadosha causing the disturbance in physiology at specific site, depriving the function of other physiological entities and causing the localized or generalized  pathology, hence it has been mentioned separately to establish the importance of Vata-dosha.) Or Rasagata Vata Raktagata Vata etc. (these are best examples to understand the capability of vatadosha. These phenomenon might be similar to various mentioned clinical disease entities but to elicit the main role of the vatadosha in the body, these are mentioned under the heading of Vatavyadhi.	Usually Signs & Symptoms are mentioned as generalized, not limited to specific area regarding the Kapha & Pitta as Aavarak. लिङ्गं पित्तावृते दाहस्तृष्णा शूलं भ्रमस्तमः१ ॥६१॥ कट्वम्ललवणोष्णैश्च विदाहः शीतकामिता । In context to other Dooshyas, simultaneous vitiation of individual Dooshya has been mentioned that is an indication that Dooshyas are not decreased qualitatively as well as quantitatively initially, later it may possible as disease progresses.. रक्तावृते सदाहार्तिस्त्वङ्मांसान्तरजो भृशम् ॥६३॥ भवेत् सरागः श्वयथुर्जायन्ते मण्डलानि च ।
	E. Dosha-prakopa	Usually As per Prakriti-sam-samaveta pattern.	Primarily Vikriti-visham-samaveta pattern.
v.	SROTAS	Mainly Mahasrotas including  all srotasas because Vatadosha is capable to involve any type of the srotas in the body. Gatavata phenomenon usually involve one srotas as per the description by Charak but may involve more than one if multiple potent Nidanas have been indulged.	Mainly Mahasrotas including  all srotasas because Vatadosha is capable to involve any type of the srotas in the body. Aavrittavata phenomenon usually involve multiple srotas as per the description by Charak because of ‘Aavaran’ phenomenon where ‘Aavarak’ & ‘Aavritta’ are involved essentially.
vi.	ROGAMARGA	Kooshtha, Shakha, Marmasthisandhi, Indriya etc	Kooshtha, Shakha, Marmasthisandhi.
vii.	ADHISHTHAN	Sattva & Sharira	Sattva & Sharira
viii.	AGNI	Manda or Visham	Sama, Manda, Visham, Teekshna
ix.	SAM/NIRAM	Mainly Niram	Both Saam & Niram possible
x.	AASHAY	All mainly Pakwashaya	All, mainly as per Aavarak.
xi.	SROTO-DUSHTI	Mainly Sanga because of Kshaya condition.	Mainly Vimargagami Vriddha/prakupita Kapha & Pitta & other Dooshyas obstruct the path of Vatadosha.
xii.	VYADHI-PRAKAR	Aashukari/chirakari	Aashukari/chirakari
xiii.	SADHYASADHYATA	Usually Kashtasaadhya and Asaadhya after one year. (Ch. Chi.- 28/235)	Not mentioned anything specifically for Aavritavata but may be taken as Sadhya, kashtasadhya & Yapya or Asadhya after one year on the basis of other instructions.
xiv.	SAMPRAPTI	‘Vayurkopo Dhatukshayaat’	‘Maargasyaavaranena ch’
xv.	POORVA-ROOPA	It has been mentioned that अव्यक्तं लक्षणं तेषां पूर्वरूपमिति स्मृतम् ॥१९॥ But as per the Dosha-dhatu & malas involvement, preliminary signs & Symptoms of Kshaya of individual entity can be observed. Though these are not the poorvaroopa of vatavyadhi but the presence of these may lead to vatavyadhi in the future.	Similarly, Signs & Symptoms of Vitiated Kapha / Pitta or other Dooshyas, responsible as ‘Aavarak’,  can be observed in the body.  Though these are not the poorvaroopa of vatavyadhi but the presence of these may lead to Aavaran-janit-vatavyadhi in the future.
xvi.	UPADRAVA	Not mentioned generally for Vatavyadhis.	हृद्रोगो विद्रधिः प्लीहा गुल्मोऽतीसार एव च ॥२३६॥ भवन्त्युपद्रवास्तेषामावृतानामुपेक्षणात् ।
xvii.	VYADHI- DHATUGATATVA	Clearly mentioned	Primarily individual Dhatwaavritta Vata-dosha phenomenon described but dhatugatatva or reverse dhatugatatva is possible as per Dhatwagni principle mentioned in Ch. Chi. 15.
xviii.	Upashaya	As per Vatavyadhi	As per  Aavarak primarily, followed by Vatavyadhi.
iix.	CHIKITSA SIDDHANTA	Individual line of treatment mentioned for all 14 types of ‘Gatavata’ conditions.	Individual line of treatment mentioned for all 11 types of ‘Aavrittavata’ conditions. Anyoanya vata aavaran etc are not taken in consideration her
xx.	PATHYAPATHY	Not mentioned specifically for ‘Gatavata’.	Specifically mentioned for ‘Aavritta-vata’.

 

 

 

 

 Presented by

Prof. Surendra A. Soni

M.D., Ph.D (Kayachikitsa)

H.O.D.

Upgraded P.G. Dept. of Kayachikitsa

Govt. Akhandanand Ayurved College,

Bhadra, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

email: surendraasoni@gmail.com

Mobile: +91 9408441150